Corn threshing and cleaning machines are widely used in agricultural mechanization production, but some common faults may occur during use. The following provides a detailed introduction from four aspects: threshing, cleaning, transmission, and electrical

Threshing part

Unclean threshing

Fault manifestation: After the corn kernels are discharged from the thresher, there are still many corn cobs or un detached corn kernels attached.

Possible reasons and solutions

The threshing drum speed is too low: The drum speed is insufficient to effectively separate the corn kernels from the corn cob. Check if the transmission belt is loose, and adjust the belt tension if it is loose; Check whether the motor has any faults, such as unstable voltage, damaged motor windings, etc., and repair or replace the motor in a timely manner.

Excessive threshing gap: The gap between the threshing drum and the concave plate is too large, which can cause insufficient separation between the corn kernels and corn cobs. Adjust the gap between the threshing drum and the concave plate, and reduce the gap by adjusting bolts or hydraulic devices according to the requirements of the equipment manual.

Excessive humidity in corn: Corn with high humidity has greater toughness and is difficult to thresh. Corn can be dried appropriately before threshing to reduce its humidity.

Too many broken corn cobs

Fault manifestation: The corn cob after threshing is severely broken, affecting subsequent processing and utilization.

Possible reasons and solutions

Excessive speed of the threshing drum: Excessive speed can cause the corn cob to be subjected to excessive impact force and break. Reduce the speed of the threshing drum and adjust the transmission system, such as replacing the appropriate pulley or adjusting the motor speed.

Insufficient threshing gap: Insufficient gap can cause corn cobs to be excessively squeezed and broken during the threshing process. Appropriately increase the gap between the threshing drum and the concave plate.

Wear or damage of drum nail teeth: Worn or damaged nail teeth can cause uneven impact force on corn cobs, increasing the breakage rate. Check and replace worn or damaged nail teeth.

Clear selection section

Unclean selection

Fault manifestation: After cleaning, the corn kernels still contain a lot of impurities, such as corn cob fragments, straw, dust, etc.

Possible reasons and solutions

Insufficient fan air volume: The air volume is too small to effectively blow out impurities. Check whether the fan blades are damaged or have excessive dust accumulation, and clean the dust and debris on the fan blades; Check if the fan belt is loose and adjust the belt tension; Check if the fan motor is working properly and promptly repair any faults.

Blockage or damage to the sieve: Blockage of the sieve can affect the separation of impurities, while damage to the sieve can cause impurities to mix into the corn kernels. Regularly clean the impurities on the sieve and keep it unobstructed; Check if the sieve is damaged, and replace it promptly if there is any damage.

Inappropriate cleaning angle: Improper cleaning angle can affect the separation efficiency of impurities. Adjust the angle of the cleaning device to ensure smooth discharge of impurities.

Excessive loss of corn kernels

Fault manifestation: During the cleaning process, a large number of corn kernels are discharged along with impurities.

Possible reasons and solutions

Excessive fan airflow: Excessive airflow can blow out some corn kernels. Reduce the fan airflow appropriately, adjust the fan speed or adjust the fan damper.

The sieve aperture is too large: If the aperture is too large, the corn kernels will pass through the sieve and be discharged with impurities. Replace the sieve with a suitable aperture and select the appropriate sieve size based on the size of the corn kernels.

Improper installation of cleaning device: Incorrect installation position or angle of cleaning device may result in loss of corn kernels. Check the installation of the cleaning device to ensure that it is installed correctly and at the appropriate angle.

Transmission part

belt slip

Fault manifestation: The transmission belt slips during operation, causing the equipment speed to be unstable or unable to work properly.

Possible reasons and solutions

Insufficient belt tension: If the belt is too loose, the friction between it and the pulley will decrease, resulting in slippage. Adjust the tension of the belt by moving the motor or tensioning wheel to achieve the appropriate tension state.

Belt wear or aging: The surface roughness of the worn or aged belt decreases, and the friction force decreases. Check the wear of the belt, and replace it with a new one in a timely manner if there is any wear or aging.

Oil stains on the surface of the pulley: Oil stains can reduce the friction coefficient between the belt and pulley. Clean the oil stains on the surface of the pulley and keep it clean.

chain breakage

Fault manifestation: The transmission chain suddenly breaks during operation, causing the equipment to stop running.

Possible reasons and solutions

Excessive wear of the chain: After long-term use, the chain links will gradually wear out, resulting in an increase in chain length and a decrease in strength. Regularly check the wear of the chain, and if it is severely worn, replace it with a new one in a timely manner.

Inappropriate chain tension: Too loose a chain will increase its jumping and impact force, while too tight will increase its wear and load. Adjust the tension of the chain so that it is neither too loose nor too tight during operation.

Chain wheel damage: Wear or damage to the teeth of the chain wheel can affect the normal operation of the chain, leading to chain breakage. Check the wear of the sprocket and replace it promptly if it is damaged.

Electrical part

The motor cannot start

Fault manifestation: After pressing the start button, the motor does not respond and cannot start normally.

Possible reasons and solutions

Power failure: Check if the power plug is properly plugged in, if the power cord is damaged, and if the power switch is turned on. If there are any problems, repair or replace them in a timely manner.

Motor winding open circuit or short circuit: Use a multimeter to check the resistance value of the motor winding and determine whether there is an open circuit or short circuit phenomenon. If there are any issues, the motor needs to be repaired or replaced.

Control circuit malfunction: Check if the relays, contactors, buttons, and other components in the control circuit are working properly. If any components are damaged, replace them promptly.

Motor overheating

Fault manifestation: The temperature of the motor is too high during operation, and even smoke appears.

Possible reasons and solutions

Excessive motor load: Check whether the equipment is stuck or blocked, which may cause an increase in motor load. Timely clean the equipment, eliminate faults, and reduce motor load.

Poor motor heat dissipation: Check if the motor's cooling fan is working properly and if there is excessive dust accumulation on the cooling fins. Clean the dust on the heat sink and fan to ensure good heat dissipation of the motor.

Motor winding short circuit: A short circuit in the motor winding can cause an increase in current, resulting in overheating of the motor. Use a multimeter to check the resistance value of the motor winding. If there is a short circuit, the motor needs to be repaired or replaced.